evaluating reconstruction quizlet evaluating reconstruction quizlet

What was the congressional response? A particle moves along a straight line with the equation x = 16t + 4t2-3t3 where x is the distance in ft and t is the time in second. a white Southerner who collaborated with northern Republicans during Reconstruction, often for personal profit. `a{/uXZO`qf\ v-Nf. It tested the Constitution and resulted in a compromise that ended Reconstruction in America. A Democrat and the only senator from the South who remained loyal to the Union, Johnson at first seemed ready to take a hard line against the former Confederacy. endstream endobj 114 0 obj <>stream WebOne of the main goals of Military Reconstruction was to ensure that voting rights were granted to African American men. While some historians see Reconstruction as both success and failure, Foner takes an unequivocal stance that Reconstruction was not at all successful. He cites several reasons in support of his opinion economic and political, as well as social. Ulysses S. Grant, Gen Commander of the Union forces in the Civil War. white violence, KKK, terrorizing blacks and those who supported them so they wouldn't vote. Sharecropping practices kept many African Americans in working conditions that werent a significant improvement over slavery. !~TrFH(n$J*sEsoWg >tNs=agsdZqRikzY9;.k`A5T-*kd>[MQ`&;Q3=z,:\P:GeeeE? How did the Compromise of 1877 effectively end Reconstruction? one of the closest races in American history. It helped maintain schools for black kids and insured fairness of labor contracting. a form of agriculture in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on their portion of land, formally known as the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands, was established in 1865 by Congress to help millions of former black slaves and poor whites in the South in the aftermath of the Civil War. Johnson toured the nation, where he gave speeches opposing the radicals in Congress. In any event, these Northern carpetbaggers were viewed as outsiders and exploiters by many who formerly had been loyal to the Confederacy. hWO0Gx`*Bi1 `ZS"%;;NS5J;|@@hHx4&"A $ #p H}AxChDGOB(9S,vcs:JI]V]WywIO{{AS !^}8;]:yNc0v*4Xqa`p k5 z2 9&+cr'~ IOV~=GHB:'*kXa=9r^baYz/1ag7F:,Ww AF;{zVV5S-l/"NZ|'Ol,U#dmCUGe^eE?Ze\mLFMeSZ`E#`jcj~Qm|V$vN81t~~b2[_\$#'b*$]t# endstream endobj 116 0 obj <>stream Enough Republican senators appreciated the fact that Johnson's offenses were political and that they did not fall under the high crimes and misdemeanors specified in the Constitution for presidential impeachment. Why was the election of 1876 called the Disputed Election? Johnson pushed for laws limiting the Executive Branchs power to help ensure the policies included in the Radical Reconstruction plan would endure after he left office. Grandfather clauses gave citizens the right to vote if their grandfathers had been able to vote in elections prior to Reconstruction. Despite the passage of progressive new laws, racist attitudes prevented open access to employment, education, voting, and protection against violence. It required a majority of voters in each Confederate state to swear their allegiance to the US before rejoining the Union, It prohibited Confederate officials and military leaders from voting or holding office. The First Reconstruction Act (March 1867) invalidated the state governments established under Johnson's policies (except the government of Tennessee, which had ratified the Fourteenth Amendment) and divided the former Confederacy into five military districts. While there were some improvements in African American life in the post-war South, many whites were reluctant to abandon their racist attitudes and biased practices. The Command of the Army Act prevented the president from issuing orders to the military except through the general of the army, who at the time was Ulysses S. Grant; additionally, the commanding general could not be removed without the Senate's consent. Jabir ibn Hayyan replaced the.. of a misinformed philosophy with the rigors of objective experimentation. hZy\L 3!--[D)aC., and use your Reconstruction Notes to answer the questions below. Gp}1:qr +sWg" ^8u1k^l2GPt%,}cAZwf? 436 0 obj <>stream Why Did Reconstruction Come to an End? Reconstruction came to an end as a direct result of too many Southerners opposing the reconstruction. Grant's victory came in large part to nearly 500,000 black voters in the South who overwhelmingly voted for him and the Republican party during the election. The Reconstruction Era was a transformative period in U.S. history that took place during the Civil War era. To conclude, the Reconstruction was almost a complete failure. HUn0+(cj , @X! Question 3 How did the WadeDavis Bill deal with the issues of Reconstruction? The end of the war brought with it much devastation and, of course, those who knew how to turn devastation into opportunity. They were codes or rules created by southerners after the Civil War to restrict the new rights and freedoms of African American in the south. quizlet.com H6 Reconstruction i. Compose and turn in for a grade a 2-4 page brief for the historian in Activity 2 that more fully evaluates the views presented in the document covered by his or her group. The sharecropping model left many tenant farmers in such dire straits that it was nearly impossible to break free from their economic shackles. Grant was nearly universally revered by the time of his death in 1885. President Ulysses S. Grant presided over the waning days of Reconstruction. Right now, he is working on the chapter that examines the importance and impact of the Fourteenth Amendment. The Civil Rights Act of 1866 guaranteed African Americans in Booth, a stage actor, had ties to the Confederate cause. The four states did not rejoin the Union until 1870. Northern Democrats who moved into former Confederate-controlled states with the intention of upsetting Radical Reconstruction plans. In case of the removal of the President from office or of his death or resignation, the Vice President shall become President. WebWhat is meant by the term Reconstruction? Upon taking office, Grant hoped to build upon the previously established framework by championing the 15th Amendment to enhance, protect, and guarantee black male voting rights nationwide. You can find more resources to supplement this lesson at ourSmithsonian Learning Lab collection on the Reconstruction Era. The effects of the Civil War and of Reconstructionparticularly in the Southcontinue to shape and to be a contentious subject in our politics today. Congressmen? Alexander Stephens. The speeches backfired. View Screenshot 2023-03-01 at 8.13.38 PM.png from SOCIAL STUDIES 58557 at Mt Zion High School. Analyzing Primary SourcesThis lesson involves using a number of primary source documents authored by a variety of people; some were highly educated, others were less so, and still others were recently freed slaves who were barely literate. CONTEXT: In the imaginary land of Wakanda, established landowners keep their power by maintaining private armies. The Jim Crow era replaced Reconstruction and ushered in a new era of racial segregation, violence, and murder well into the twentieth century. What were the problems faced by the south after the Civil War? They came from a wide variety of backgrounds ranging from highly-educated professionals to former Civil War soldiers. If the teachers students have little experience evaluating primary source documents, there are several websites that include activities to help students develop these skills. Who did the states and congress give free land to? Johnson appointed provisional governors and authorized them to set up state conventions, which in turn were charged with declaring secession illegal; repudiating Confederate debts; ratifying the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery in the United States; and scheduling elections. After 10% of a states voters signed a loyalty oath to the Union and the Constitution and abolished slavery, it could hold elections and vote and would be granted a full pardon and readmitted to the Union. Gave blacks curfews and did not allow them to carry guns. Reconstruction was successful in helping to reunite a divided country. 3 southern states votes came in with 2 sets of counts, 1 Dem, 1 Repub, so the vote went to the House of Representatives who decided Republicans. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. Who were its members? WebEvaluating Reconstruction Directions: Watch Crash Course #22 and use your Reconstruction Notes to answer the questions below. was a negative term Southerners adopted and gave to opportunistic and speculative Northerners who moved to the South during the Reconstruction Era, often seen as frauds. No. The Radical. @{/rd;G[F|!-DStuux2g>w2q}g=,~1tMEDuMz@hN What were some of the accomplishments of the Reconstruction legislatures? %PDF-1.5 % In addition to racial animosityand possibly a factor that fed into that animosity as it was exploited by demagogueswas the rule of ineffective and inexperienced state and local politicians in the wake of Southern defeat. he was lincoln's vice president and a southern democrat. 2023 Course Hero, Inc. All rights reserved. %PDF-1.5 % The impeachment of Johnson. [6O;},DLJ ^;4Orqb.:)O.FXl-%}ZXMHlxixt0CM@)Ymr3xQwv_D&?Qe2}=4#r"A: %QHW)/7+ "IG The organization put in place after the Civil War to provide schools in the South was known as: answer choices The Civil Rights Committee Presented to the Capitalists and People of the Central and Northern States, by Bannister, Cowan & Company, Group E: Excerpt from Albert T. Morgan, Yazoo, Or, On the Picket Line of Freedom, 1881. universal male suffrage, What segregated (separated) blacks & whites after Reconstruction. Southern voters also elected to Congress highranking Confederate officials and officers, some of whom had not received one of the thirteen thousand pardons Johnson issued during the summer of 1865. ~~C9;9owSQ?C ` N- Write a short essay on how social contexts surrounding a person can contribute to his or her upbringing, beliefs and overall quality of life. until early 1900's they still mostly lived in the south. Johnson deliberately removed himself from the decisions involving Reconstruction. At the end of this lesson, each student should demonstrate his or her proficiency by doing one of the following: 1. first hand documnets or eye witness accounts from this time. Who were the Exodusters? Why was the former Confederacy divided into military districts by the federal government? It was approved by both houses in June 1866. Think. Was corruption now any less? What were the economic beliefs of the Radical Republicans? How did John Wilkes Booth affect Reconstruction? The documents listed above in conjunction with an examination of the painting could be used to spark an in-class discussion of the difficulties facing the South as it moved from one kind of social structure to a new, more American, way of life. many became sharecroppers. The amendments created to protect black freedoms seemed like a huge step in the right Did it accomplish anything? More punitive actions against the South, Lincoln felt, would only make it harder to heal the divided nation. The carpetbaggers, so named because of how they travelled light with inexpensive luggage made of fabric, were largely a benign group of Northern Republicans seeking a fresh start in the South (despite Southern Democrats fears to the contrary). y@bi(^k^izu#(fN@)Z4x[wN)Gd\JvWma:M;:*BL5;Sh`2lM^YQ2k(!W7.W)J0>krA"eXk+n R/B.zuu7' ]apJ|_wv^k| +^|B`:H$wlEnT*8@0vX{[rm6FoN,iE?FF/mh@u'Q{$]pJn07a8Y9U-A/, S7GYjkQUKC2"qxLa=23P21 |0Cm)r PS)et%.H e' In 1865 President Andrew Johnson implemented a plan of Reconstruction that gave the white South a free hand in regulating the transition from slavery to freedom and offered no role to blacks in the politics of the South. It helped the Republicans seat more than 2/3 majority in the House and Congress. His campaign theme was "Let Us Have Peace," and he tried his best to promote sectional and racial harmony throughout the country. many had borrowed form the merchants who forclosed on them when they could not pay. The House and Senate refused to seat southern delegates. Which of the following describes the African American experience in the Reconstruction-Era South? What was the purpose of the Black Codes which were enacted in Southern states in 1865 and 1866? The impact of scandal on the national political debate was real. What was the immediate cause of Johnson's impeachment? What problems were faced by the freed slaves? TQSCQIf@*$ With an interactive map that combines statistics with the thoughts and ideas of people living through this difficult period, students will consider the ways in which efforts at recovery were either successful or disappointing. Though Republicans made quick and huge political gains in the South as newly enfranchised black voters rushed to their support, it was clear that the party and its ideals of peace through racial and sectional harmony on Republican terms remained unpopular with large segments of the populationparticularly with those who were disenfranchised because they could not take the oath or otherwise prove their loyalty to the Union. President Grant undoubtedly played a important role in what was the country's first civil rights movement in some ways, but Reconstruction had its shortcomings. One thing students might consider, for example, is how the devastation of war and the slow pace of efforts to recover from that devastation kept the South in a subordinate economic position in comparison to the faster growing cities of the North. By allowing the former Confederates to reenter the political arena, Republicans faced an uphill battle against the surge in Democratic support and voter-suppression tactics aimed at Republicans and African Americans. While one document cannot speak to the effects of the war on an entire group, it will give students an insight into what may have represented a common experience and reaction to Reconstruction policy. In fact, African Americans took part in all the conventions and made up the majority of delegates in South Carolina. endstream endobj 119 0 obj <>stream They had to have enough money to pay poll tax and had to pass a literacy test. Who were the group of people known as carpetbaggers who emerged in the Reconstruction-era South? In all, the history of Reconstruction was an object lesson in the limitations of persuasion in politicsas was the history of the Civil War that preceded it. kcP`?=xI87eC{+Fj*?ya ;R5p c-Ncc:ey].Ai4d1]'M-azo!/,'Kx5,:aC;C .Qhg To help African Americans, particularly those who had been enslaved, adjust to life with increased rights and responsibilities, To ensure that white voters supported anti-slavery laws and policies. Who did it benefit? How would you evaluate corruption in the Reconstruction legislatures? Women's rights advocates Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton were incensed that the Fifteenth Amendment did not also list gender among the conditions that could not be used to deny a citizen the right to vote. Johnson versus Congress. Both Sharecroppers and Tenant Farmer did not own the land they farmed, but received a share of the profits of the crops Tenant Farmers : Were mostly poor whites who lived and farmed on someone else's land, owned a few tools or supplies which enabled them to make a small profit, because they need not borrow as much on credit. D 7. The period following the Civil War in which Congress passed laws designed to rebuild the country and bring Southern states back into the Union What was a vague-treason, bribery, or other high crimes or misdemeanors. endstream endobj 113 0 obj <>stream The objective is to show the students how the combination of facts, opinions, statistics, and pictures can broaden their understanding of a subject. Workers would be given a modest home, supplies, and a small portion of land to farm for personal use in exchange for also farming the landowners land. This legislation overturned "Black Codes" that had been established in the former Confederate states and had been used to keep African Americans in a near-state of slavery. There were also a number of members in Congress who were involved in the Crdit Mobilier scandal, which involved the Union Pacific Railroad and federal contracts for the first Transcontinental Railroad. Why did Republicans retreat from their commitment to black voting and civil rights? Fear of black rule. Provided food, clothes, transportation, etc. dkRlbH/Wo/3+Po32dDJAw'sN72G>0,a-X{..\&j;Z0P{~S W]O"Kwrzb\G 7O XctWhpk Tradesmen hoping to take advantage of the vast number of construction contracts being offered to rebuild the war-torn South. Sharecroppers typically did not have enough good farmland or time to tend to it. Use information gathered from the interactive maps to inform their understanding of the political, social, and economic problems confronting the nation in the wake of Reconstruction. WebDuring Reconstruction, three new amendments to the Constitution redefined freedom, citizenship, and democracy in the United States. States had to ratify the 13th & 14th amendment, and enacted Military Control of Reconstruction with the Military Reconstruction Act. The Southerners saw the Freedmen's Bureau as an organization giving free food to freedmen but never requiring them to work, making them lazy. `cw]}{(ugeFo, +mKk.]{g~S^NWs0znS`~Zm%,Kw~vBY5_oLx|? It required that 50 percent of a state's voters take the oath of allegiance and demanded stronger safeguards for emancipation than Lincoln's as the price of readmission. Upon completing this lesson, students will begin to see the ways in which a political and constitutional crisis emboldened some lasting divisions within American society and, perhaps what is more important, the ways in which the crisis forged a new path for a stronger and more perfect Union. Nursing care plan about Risk for fetal injury related to shoulder dystocia? Granted citizenship, due process, and equal protection under the law. >YpVE$r#]Y@ -7}bKfl[83 Think about the italicized questions WebReconstruction Question 6 900 seconds Q. WebThe Military Reconstruction Act of 1867 Split ten former Confederate states (excluding Tennessee) into five military districts to be overseen by the U.S. military and mandated that 12-17 Written Guided Reading Assignment, Principles of Microeconomics Group Assignment.docx, Website-Resume-Student-Checklist-2017.pdf, Express v to show or make known a feeling an opinion etc by words looks or, Consistent with the culture of the Employer you will be expected to present a, The turn based rules were as follows 2 Moves and 1 Explore in any combination If, Points 00 40 Points A Choice A B Choice B C Choice C D Choice D Part 11 of 25 40, QUIZ QUES Institutions can be understood as a regular patterns of behaviour that, L2 Molecules of Life interactive notes_2022 (1).docx, Launching_a_Redesign_of_University_Princ.pdf, Question 34 In an address in 1983 President Reagan referred to the Soviet Union, A 22 year old woman comes to her primary care physician because of an 8 week, Basic Statistics and creating the control chart .pdf, Apply the Nursing Care plan on the client described in the Clinical scenario state the Assessment Diagnosis Planning Intervention Rationale Evaluation You are working as a Labor and Delivery Nurse at. instituted public school systems and did away with the property requirements for voting. Eph/LWNMK $r3R6W>44w9(Hct:@LN@@4H9O$T,\LuqDk9HMZ] 7l7{7eCUbMWmh"!baox]51Q"EF kRm'C*_@Q$VF*`C{:7v I"q{n]w)cqJ}q*6]d&5PhdSh3_|`k^Mq!U\:fqo,SI0L6-;jTS(WOC6"ZCx+5bo42+Pp;3:=BbXm)]IF Discuss how these policies may have affected attitudes in WebWhat is Reconstruction? General Grant National Memorial, Reconstruction Era National Historical Park, Ulysses S Grant National Historic Site, Download the official NPS app before your next visit, Reconstruction Era National Historic Park, reconstruction era national historical park, Reconstruction Era National Historical Park. ]~ys6i`>lp=xY9'X\eQS%'#H 'Id~ti+i0q>?5 xL*m18&) B:17R#Y#>\ What connections do you see between the realities in Latin America and South Africa? What terms did the Reconstruction Act of 1867 put in place for the Southern states who had not yet ratified the Fourteenth Amendment? The new legislation was passed in July over Johnson's veto. The vote in the Senate was thirtyfive to nineteen in favor of conviction, one short of the necessary twothirds majority. The first federal immigration restrictions were passed during this time. Why of why not? Certainly, there was deep resentment on the part of many white southerners who did not want to accept the idea of racial equality. What was President Johnsons role in the period of Radical Reconstruction that took place in 1867 and 1868? Which plan was the hardest on the South? Question 11 30 seconds Q. WebList the groups in chronological order that ran and controlled the Reconstruction process in the US Government. and any corresponding bookmarks? At every step, Congress intervened and put laws in place that circumvented and, in some cases, limited the Presidents authority. Question 4 Similarly, there were those in the South who turned their bitterness at losing the war into a default position of hostility to all efforts to move forward. But in the end, events overpowered the best thinking on both sides of this divide and the impact of these great victories was left to be felt and interpreted by a new generation of Americans. Another useful resource is the Educator Resourcesof the National Archives, which features a set of Document Analysis Worksheets. What did the conflict between Johnson and Congress result in? Print out all material from the Text Documents, and make the appropriate number of copies for the students. Federal troops were removed from the Southern states and the Democratic majority was entrusted to protect and enforce the rights of African Americans. Learning Objectives Evaluate the successes and Finally, History Matters offers helpful pages on "Making Sense of Maps.". Did Congress do anything about white violence? The states could enter the Union if they promised they would ratify the Fourteenth Amendment within five years. Discuss how these policies may have affected attitudes in the country and, subsequently, how these attitudes helped or hindered politics upon the conclusion of the Reconstruction era. hbbd``b` $ H0E$ b3!D( ( qX | Given sentence below refers to a numbered sentence in the passage. pNqmjEJOpKxZv{u 4-aCn v84l%_YYk:Ii:vSG#oa H"x\*Uj/V-,!9.RT5\VM_nCdB5" \.x}{ No/^+4.svjc;NfdHsfJhl\_e2nsS,{ While it could be used in a derogatory way, it did notin every casesuggest racist attitudes or carry the stigma that it does today. A time of rebuilding the South after the Civil War to resolve the South's problems and bring it back into the Union What were the problems Split ten former Confederate states (excluding Tennessee) into five military districts to be overseen by the U.S. military and mandated that each state rewrite its state constitution to allow for black male voting rights before readmittance into the Union. What did Johnson advise the southern states to do about the 14th amendment? WebCompare and contrast the Reconstruction plans of Lincoln, Johnson, and the Radical Republicans. 124 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<0D0942F02A0E3A4583123BBEFA335B80><310633F8B9553C42B3774455F36DF9D6>]/Index[109 24]/Info 108 0 R/Length 78/Prev 144476/Root 110 0 R/Size 133/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream The central question of Reconstruction was how to reunite a badly divided country fractured by four years of civil war. WebStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like sharecropping, Freedman's Bureau, Wade-Davis Plan and more. It was thought the freed slaves would be forced to work. Communities would combine their farms yields to ensure everyone had enough food. When duly elected black representatives were expelled from the Georgia legislature, Georgia once again fell under military rule. Who was one of the first black representatives in the Georgia Assembly? Segregation was ruled unconstitutional and all Jim Crow laws had to be immediately repealed. Howdid the Thirteenth Amendment changethe Constitution? The government would pay farmers to grow specific crops that were particularly in demand. Both African Americans and whites were part of the carpetbagger migration. Saliency maps reveal directly how much a change in each input pixel would affect reconstruction loss, while each pixel's reconstruction error may be attributed to many input pixels when layers are fully connected. The Freedmen's Bureau was designed to help blacks and poor whites by providing cloths, food, and education. He believed the South should not be welcomed back into the Union, He believed the Southern states should have to recognize equal rights for African Americans before being welcomed back into the Union, He insisted that a majority of Southern citizens take an oath of loyalty before the South could be welcomed back into the Union. Segregation of both the official and unofficial variety took root. Johnson's policies. How did whites regain political control in the south? bJLA/RO\Hh2cN]J8JUApfGuYB^(YDLsNil/y!0>3LW{0 nPt2==eD>>H5o Question 2 Which of the following best summarizes President Lincolns attitude toward the policies and process of Reconstruction? endstream endobj 418 0 obj <>stream Group A: Excerpts from the testimony of Maddie Curtis from Slave Narratives: A Folk History of Slavery in the United States From Interviews with Former Slaves, North Carolina Narratives, 1937, Group B: Excerpt from Rev. they wre industrialists and bankers. WebThe Emancipation Proclamation had freed only those enslaved in rebellious states, leaving many enslaved peoplemost notably, those in the border statesin bondage; furthermore, it did not alter or prohibit the institution of slavery in general. The Black Codes included tactics like fines, arrests, and kidnapping to force African Americans back into bondage working on Southern farms without, technically, enslaving them. In early 1866, Congressional Republicans, appalled by mass killing of ex-slaves and adoption of restrictive black codes, seized control of Reconstruction from President Johnson. Throughout his term, Johnson would try to use his Executive Branch appointments and role as Commander in Chief to try to resist Radical Reconstruction efforts being forwarded by the Republican-controlled Congress. How did Amendments 13, 14, & 15 help African Americans? WebEvaluating Reconstruction As the Civil War was drawing to a close in 1865, President Lincoln began making plans for the physical, economic, social and political rehabilitation of a region xT+&DLeD What limited African American freedom during Reconstruction? Borrowed what they needed on credit from the owner, it was a bad because the farmer always owed more money than they made on the farm, leaving them stuck in this system. Weighted against growth in the North, the South fared poorer by all economic gauges. still conservative Republicans. The thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth amendment were created during the twelve years of rebuilding the country. Its members where southern whites that did not agree with the ideas of Reconstruction. Congress enacted its Reconstruction program over Johnson's veto. It was left to the Senate to try the presidentwith Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase presidingand determine whether he should be removed from office. The amendment also denies to anyone who had participated in rebellion against the United States or had given aid and comfort to those in rebellion the right to hold any national or state office, an exclusion intended to undercut Johnson's pardon policy and protect the rights of blacks, particularly those of former slaves and particularly their right to vote. The Freedmans Bureau played a key role in helping African Americans gain access to basic needs, education, property, and health care during Reconstruction.